Sustainable Development Goal 3
Sustainable Development Goal 3
Sustainable Development Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
One of the most important goals of the United Nations is to ensure that everyone has access to quality health care and can enjoy a healthy and fulfilling life. This is the essence of Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3), which aims to achieve universal health coverage, reduce maternal and child mortality, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and other communicable diseases, prevent and treat non-communicable diseases and mental health issues, and promote sexual and reproductive health and rights.
Achieving SDG 3 is not only a moral obligation, but also a smart investment. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), every dollar spent on health can generate up to 20 dollars in economic returns. Moreover, health is closely linked to other development goals, such as poverty reduction, gender equality, education, environmental protection and peace. Improving health outcomes can also contribute to social cohesion, human dignity and human rights.
However, despite the progress made in recent decades, many challenges remain. More than half of the world's population still lacks access to essential health services. Every year, about 6.5 million children die before their fifth birthday, mostly from preventable causes. More than 800 women die every day from complications related to pregnancy or childbirth. About 1.7 million people die from AIDS-related illnesses, 1.4 million from tuberculosis and 400,000 from malaria. Non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases, account for 70% of all deaths worldwide. Mental disorders affect one in four people at some point in their lives. And millions of people face discrimination, stigma and violence because of their sexual orientation, gender identity or reproductive choices.
To address these challenges, the international community has adopted a comprehensive and ambitious agenda for SDG 3. The agenda includes 13 targets and 26 indicators that cover a wide range of health issues and dimensions. Some of the key targets are:
- By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births
- By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age
- By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases
- By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from non-communicable diseases through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being
- By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programmes
- By 2030, achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all
- By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination
- Strengthen the implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries
- Support the research and development of vaccines and medicines for the communicable and non-communicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries
- Increase substantially health financing and the recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce in developing countries
- Strengthen the capacity of all countries for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks
To achieve these targets, a strong commitment from all stakeholders is needed. Governments have the primary responsibility to ensure that their people have access to quality health care and can enjoy a healthy life. They need to invest more in health systems that are resilient.
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