Sustainable Development Goal 10
Sustainable Development Goal 10
Sustainable Development Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities
Inequality is one of the most pressing challenges of our time. It affects people's well-being, opportunities, and dignity, and undermines social cohesion, economic growth, and environmental sustainability. According to the United Nations, the global income gap between the richest and the poorest has widened since 1980, and more than 70% of the world's population live in countries where income inequality has increased. Moreover, inequality is not only about income, but also about access to health, education, justice, and other basic services and rights.
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of 17 global goals adopted by the UN in 2015 to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure peace and prosperity for all by 2030. Among them, SDG 10 aims to reduce inequality within and among countries by promoting inclusive growth, social protection, and equal opportunities for all. Some of the specific targets of SDG 10 include:
- Achieving and sustaining income growth of the bottom 40% of the population at a rate higher than the national average
- Empowering and promoting the social, economic, and political inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion, or economic or other status
- Ensuring equal opportunity and reducing inequalities of outcome, including by eliminating discriminatory laws, policies, and practices and promoting appropriate legislation, policies, and action in this regard
- Adopting policies, especially fiscal, wage, and social protection policies, that progressively achieve greater equality
- Improving the regulation and monitoring of global financial markets and institutions and strengthening the implementation of such regulations
- Ensuring enhanced representation and voice for developing countries in decision-making in global international economic and financial institutions in order to deliver more effective, credible, accountable, and legitimate institutions
- Facilitating orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people, including through the implementation of planned and well-managed migration policies
- Implementing the principle of special and differential treatment for developing countries, in particular least developed countries (LDCs), in accordance with World Trade Organization agreements
- Encouraging official development assistance (ODA) and financial flows, including foreign direct investment (FDI), to states where the need is greatest
- Reducing to less than 3% the transaction costs of migrant remittances and eliminating remittance corridors with costs higher than 5%
Achieving SDG 10 requires concerted efforts from all stakeholders: governments, civil society organizations (CSOs), private sector actors (PSAs), international organizations (IOs), academia,
and individuals. It also requires addressing the root causes of inequality: power imbalances,
discrimination,
corruption,
violence,
and unfair trade practices. By reducing inequality,
we can create a more just,
inclusive,
and sustainable world for everyone.
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